Numerical simulation of combined penetration and explosion effects on the two-layer roof of shallow-buried critical infrastructure protective structures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/86.230Keywords:
protective structure, two-layer roof, combined impact and blast loading, contact charge, RHT model, ANSYS Explicit DynamicsAbstract
Purpose. Substantiation of a two-layer roof design for shallow-buried protective structures of critical infrastructure and quantitative assessment of its stress–strain state under the combined impact-and-blast action of a munition in comparison with the action of a surface-laid (contact) charge.
The methods. Numerical simulation in the coupled Euler–Lagrange formulation of ANSYS Explicit Dynamics. Concrete is described by the RHT strength model with the P–α equation of state, detonation products by the JWL equation of state, and air by the ideal gas model. The roof consists of an upper sacrificial slab 600 mm thick, an air gap, and a load-bearing deck of adjacent concrete beams. The munition contains 100 kg of high explosive in an aluminum casing, with an approach velocity of 139 m/s and a detonation delay of 14.1 ms. A parametric series of simulations was performed for charge masses of 100–500 kg TNT equivalent.
Findings. The combined impact-and-blast loading is shown to produce peak tensile stresses of 25.5 MPa in the lower part of the structure, compared with 2.78 MPa for a contact charge of the same mass. For the contact charge, a power-law dependence of peak stress on charge mass, , was obtained, consistent with the energy similarity laws of explosion; the peak stress in the impact-and-blast scenario is practically independent of charge mass (26.5 ± 1.0 MPa) and is governed by the impact velocity and the acoustic impedances of the materials. Damage to the deck is localized within one to three beams beneath the impact zone.
The originality. For the first time, the stress time histories of a spaced two-layer roof have been compared for a contact charge and for the coupled "impact + detonation" scenario; an engineering relationship for peak tensile stresses is proposed based on the transmission coefficient of the impact contact stress.
Practical implementation. The simplified contact-charge design scheme is shown to underestimate the loading by a factor of 3 to 12 depending on charge mass; therefore, the impact-and-blast scenario should be adopted as the design case for protective structure roofs. The beam deck ensures repairability and rapid restoration of critical infrastructure facilities.
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